Using Dermatoscopy to Identify and Differentiate Between Acute and Chronic Inflammatory and Allergic Skin Conditions

Abstract

Topical glucocorticosteroid facilities (TGKS) were first introduced in clinical dermatological practice in the early 1950s, revolutionizing the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases. Today, they remain the leading treatment method for the most common dermatoses. The mechanism of action of topical corticosteroids is complex. The glucocorticosteroid hormone penetrates the nuclei of epidermal cells, enhancing the synthesis of lipocortins that inhibit the activity of phospholipase A2, leading to a decrease in the production of inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and thromboxanes, as well as a reduction in the number of antigen-presenting and mast cells. TGKS slows down the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans, collagen, and elastin, reduces the release of histamine and other pro-inflammatory mediators, and reduces the activity of Langerhans cells. Additionally, TGCS inhibits the synthesis of nucleic acids in immunocompetent cells and fibroblasts in the basal layer of the epidermis, contributing to a local immunosuppressive effect.