Improvement of Mechanisms of State Support for the Cultivation of Fruit and Vegetable Products for Export and Their Insurance

Abstract

This article analyses the mechanisms of state support for insuring risks associated with exporting fruit and vegetables in Uzbekistan. The expansion of agricultural exports, particularly in the fruit and vegetable sector, has recently become one of the strategic priorities of national economic policy. In this context, effective risk management tools, including insurance mechanisms, are crucial for ensuring the sustainability and reliability of export operations. Although measures aimed at stimulating agricultural exports were introduced under Presidential Resolution No. PQ 52, the article substantiates that mechanisms for comprehensive export risk insurance and financial support remain insufficiently developed. This constrains exporters' ability to mitigate external shocks, including price volatility, currency fluctuations and logistical disruptions.

The study uses institutional, comparative and systemic analysis methods to examine the existing framework and identify key gaps in the current export risk insurance system. Particular attention is given to the role of state institutions, financial intermediaries and insurance organisations in supporting agricultural producers with an export focus. The comparative approach enables the evaluation of international best practices, while systemic analysis provides a holistic understanding of the interaction between policy instruments and market mechanisms.

Several mechanisms have been proposed as a result, including export credit insurance, the establishment of a public–private partnership-based reinsurance fund, parametric insurance, subsidisation of currency risk hedging and differentiated insurance subsidies. These instruments are designed to enhance risk sharing between the state and the private sector, improve access to insurance services and reduce the financial burden on exporters. The proposed measures aim to ensure the stability of fruit and vegetable exports and enhance their competitiveness in international markets. Furthermore, their implementation is expected to contribute to the development of a more resilient and efficient agricultural export system in Uzbekistan.