Specific Aspects of Ensuring The Mutually Optimal Location of Soils in Roadbase Design

Abstract

Roads form a fundamental component of transport infrastructure, directly impacting economic integration and social well-being. The structural stability and longevity of roadbeds are significantly influenced by geophysical and hydrological factors, necessitating the strategic use and placement of various soil types. Despite the growing use of natural and industrial soils, systematic approaches for their optimal placement within road embankments under diverse conditions remain underexplored. This study investigates the specific aspects of designing roadbeds with an emphasis on the mutually optimal arrangement of soils to enhance structural stability and water resistance. The findings identify that coarse-grained, sandy, and clay soils, along with industrial waste materials, offer varied advantages when appropriately layered permeable soils atop, impermeable below ensuring effective drainage and reducing moisture-induced damage. Improper soil mixing leads to instability due to water retention and freezing. The research highlights the rational placement of technogenic soils layered with geotextiles, advancing environmentally sustainable methods while optimizing cost-efficiency and structural integrity. The implementation of these soil placement principles contributes to longer-lasting roadbeds, minimizes environmental harm, and supports infrastructural development in hydrologically challenging terrains.